Monga chida chofunikira chowunikira pakuyendetsa usiku, magetsi amagalimoto amawonedwa ngati chinthu chokondedwa ndi opanga magalimoto ambiri ndikukula kosalekeza kwaukadaulo wa LED. Magetsi agalimoto a LED amatanthauza nyali zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa LED ngati gwero lowunikira mkati ndi kunja kwagalimoto. Zida zounikira kunja zimaphatikizapo miyezo yambiri yovuta monga malire a kutentha, kuyanjana kwamagetsi (EMC), ndi kuyesa kukhetsa. Magetsi agalimoto a LED awa samangowonjezera kuyatsa kwagalimoto, komanso kumapangitsa kuti mkati mwawo mukhale bwino.

Kupanga nyali za LED
Zigawo zoyambira za LED zikuphatikiza waya wagolide, chip cha LED, mphete yowunikira, waya wa cathode, waya wapulasitiki, ndi waya wa anode.
Gawo lofunikira la LED ndi chip chopangidwa ndi p-mtundu semiconductor ndi n-mtundu semiconductor, ndipo kapangidwe kake pakati pawo amatchedwa pn junction. Mu mphambano ya PN ya zipangizo zina za semiconductor, pamene zonyamulira zowerengeka zochepa zimagwirizanitsa ndi zonyamulira zambiri, mphamvu zambiri zimatulutsidwa ngati kuwala, kutembenuza mphamvu yamagetsi kukhala mphamvu yowunikira. Pamene voteji reverse ntchito pn mphambano, n'zovuta jekeseni pang'ono zonyamulira malipiro, kotero luminescence sizidzachitika. Diode yamtunduwu yopangidwa motengera mfundo ya jekeseni yochokera ku luminescence imatchedwa diode-emitting diode, yomwe nthawi zambiri imafupikitsidwa ngati LED.

Njira yowunikira ya LED
Pansi pa tsankho la kutsogolo kwa LED, zonyamulira zimabayidwa, kuphatikizidwanso, ndikuwotchedwa mu semiconductor chip ndi mphamvu yochepa yowunikira. Chipcho chimakutidwa ndi epoxy resin yoyera. Pamene panopa akudutsa chip, ma elekitironi zoipa mlandu amapita ku dera la dzenje lokhala bwino, kumene amakumana ndi kuyanjananso. Ma electron onse ndi mabowo nthawi imodzi amataya ndikutulutsa ma photon.
Kukula kwa bandgap, kumapangitsanso mphamvu zamafotoni opangidwa. Mphamvu za photon zimagwirizana ndi mtundu wa kuwala. Mu mawonekedwe owoneka, kuwala kwa buluu ndi kofiirira kumakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, pamene kuwala kwa lalanje ndi kofiira kumakhala ndi mphamvu yochepa kwambiri. Chifukwa cha mipata yosiyanasiyana yamagulu azinthu zosiyanasiyana, amatha kutulutsa kuwala kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Pamene nyali ya LED ikupita patsogolo (mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi opita patsogolo), kumayenda kwamakono kuchokera ku anode kupita ku cathode ya LED, ndipo galasi la semiconductor limatulutsa kuwala kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana kuchokera ku ultraviolet kupita ku infuraredi. Kuchuluka kwa kuwala kumadalira kukula kwa magetsi. Ma LED angayerekezedwe ndi ma hamburgers, pomwe zinthu zowunikira zimakhala ngati "nyama yanyama" mu sangweji, ndipo maelekitirodi apamwamba ndi apansi amakhala ngati mkate wokhala ndi nyama pakati. Kupyolera mu kafukufuku wa zipangizo zounikira, anthu apanga pang'onopang'ono zigawo zosiyanasiyana za LED zokhala ndi kuwala kwapamwamba komanso bwino. Ngakhale pali kusintha kosiyanasiyana kwa LED, mfundo yake yowunikira komanso mawonekedwe ake amakhalabe osasinthika. Jinjian Laboratory yakhazikitsa mzere woyesera wophimba tchipisi towunikira zowunikira mumakampani a LED optoelectronic, ndikupereka mayankho oyimilira omwe amakhudza mbali zonse kuchokera kuzinthu zopangira mpaka kuzinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikiza kusanthula kulephera, mawonekedwe azinthu, kuyesa magawo, ndi zina zambiri, kuthandiza makasitomala. kuwongolera mtundu, zokolola, ndi kudalirika kwa zinthu za LED.

Ubwino wa nyali za LED
1. Kupulumutsa mphamvu: Ma LED amasintha mphamvu zamagetsi mwachindunji kukhala mphamvu yowunikira, kugwiritsira ntchito theka la nyali zachikhalidwe, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa mafuta komanso kupewa kuwonongeka kwa mabwalo a galimoto chifukwa cha katundu wambiri wamakono.
2. Kuteteza chilengedwe: Kuwala kwa LED kulibe kuwala kwa ultraviolet ndi infrared, kumakhala ndi kutentha kochepa, kulibe kuwala, komanso kuwala kochepa. Zinyalala za LED zimatha kubwezeredwa, zopanda mercury, zopanda kuipitsa, zotetezeka kukhudza, ndipo ndi gwero lowunikira lobiriwira.
3. Kutalika kwa moyo wautali: Palibe ziwalo zotayirira mkati mwa thupi la nyali ya LED, kupewa mavuto monga kuyaka kwa filament, kuyika kwa kutentha, ndi kuwonongeka kwa kuwala. Pansi pa nthawi yoyenera komanso magetsi, moyo wautumiki wa LED ukhoza kufika maola 80000 mpaka 100000, womwe ndi wotalika nthawi 10 kuposa magwero achikhalidwe. Ili ndi mawonekedwe a nthawi imodzi m'malo ndikugwiritsa ntchito moyo wonse.
4. Kuwala kwambiri ndi kukana kutentha kwakukulu: Ma LED amasintha mwachindunji mphamvu yamagetsi kukhala mphamvu yowunikira, imapanga kutentha kochepa, ndipo imatha kukhudzidwa bwino.
5. Kukula kwakung'ono: Okonza amatha kusintha mwaufulu mawonekedwe a zowunikira kuti awonjezere kusiyanasiyana kwa makongoletsedwe agalimoto. LED imakondedwa kwambiri ndi opanga magalimoto chifukwa cha zabwino zake.
6. Kukhazikika kwakukulu: Ma LED ali ndi machitidwe amphamvu a seismic, amatsekedwa mu utomoni, samasweka mosavuta, ndipo ndi osavuta kusunga ndi kunyamula.
7. Kuyera kowala kwambiri: Mitundu ya LED ndi yowala komanso yowala, popanda kufunikira kwa kusefa kwazithunzi, ndipo cholakwika cha mafunde a kuwala ndi osachepera 10 nanometers.
8. Nthawi yoyankha mwachangu: Ma LED safuna nthawi yoyambira yotentha ndipo amatha kutulutsa kuwala mu ma microseconds ochepa, pomwe mababu agalasi achikhalidwe amafuna kuchedwa kwa masekondi 0.3. M'mapulogalamu monga ma taillights, kuyankha mwachangu kwa ma LED kumathandizira kupewa kugundana kumbuyo ndikuwongolera chitetezo chamagalimoto.