Chip cha LED ndi chiyani? Ndiye makhalidwe ake ndi otani? Cholinga chachikulu cha kupanga chip cha LED ndikupanga maelekitirodi olumikizana ndi ohm ogwira mtima komanso odalirika, ndikukwaniritsa kutsika kwamagetsi pang'ono pakati pa zida zolumikizirana ndikupereka mawaya othamangitsa mawaya, ndikukulitsa kuchuluka kwa kuwala. Njira yopangira filimuyi nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito njira ya vacuum evaporation. Pansi pa vacuum yayikulu ya 4Pa, zinthuzo zimasungunuka ndi kukana kutentha kapena electron mtengo bombardment Kutentha njira, ndipo BZX79C18 imasandulika nthunzi yachitsulo ndikuyikidwa pamwamba pa semiconductor yakuthupi pansi pa kupsinjika kochepa.
Zitsulo zamtundu wa P zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo ma aloyi monga AuBe ndi AuZn, pomwe zitsulo zolumikizirana kumbali ya N nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi aloyi ya AuGeNi. The aloyi wosanjikiza anapanga pambuyo ❖ kuyanika ayeneranso poyera mmene ndingathere m'dera luminescent mwa ndondomeko photolithography, kuti otsala wosanjikiza aloyi akhoza kukwaniritsa zofunika ndi odalirika otsika ohm kukhudzana maelekitirodi ndi solder waya kuthamanga ziyangoyango. Ndondomeko ya photolithography ikamalizidwa, iyeneranso kudutsa njira yowonongeka, yomwe nthawi zambiri imachitika motetezedwa ndi H2 kapena N2. Nthawi ndi kutentha kwa alloying nthawi zambiri zimatsimikiziridwa ndi zinthu monga mawonekedwe a zida za semiconductor ndi mawonekedwe a ng'anjo ya alloy. Kumene, ngati buluu wobiriwira ndi zina Chip elekitirodi njira zovuta kwambiri, m'pofunika kuwonjezera passivation filimu kukula, plasma etching njira, etc.
Popanga tchipisi ta LED, ndi njira ziti zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a optoelectronic?
Nthawi zambiri, akamaliza kupanga epitaxial ya LED, mphamvu yake yayikulu yamagetsi yamalizidwa, ndipo kupanga chip sikusintha mtundu wake wapakatikati. Komabe, zinthu zosayenera panthawi yopaka ndi alloying zingayambitse magawo ena amagetsi kukhala osauka. Mwachitsanzo, kutentha kwapansi kapena kutsika kwa alloying kumatha kuyambitsa kukhudzana kosauka kwa Ohmic, chomwe ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha kutsika kwa VF pakupanga chip. Mukadula, njira zina za dzimbiri m'mphepete mwa chip zitha kukhala zothandiza pakuwongolera kutayikira kwa chip. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mutatha kudula ndi tsamba la diamondi, padzakhala zinyalala zambiri zotsalira ndi ufa m'mphepete mwa chip. Ngati tinthu tating'ono ting'onoting'ono timamatira pamphambano ya PN ya chipangizo cha LED, zingayambitse kutayikira kwamagetsi komanso kuwonongeka. Komanso, ngati photoresist padziko Chip si peeled pa ukhondo, zingachititse mavuto kutsogolo soldering ndi pafupifupi soldering. Ngati ili kumbuyo, imayambitsanso kutsika kwakukulu. Panthawi yopangira chip, mawonekedwe amtundu wamtundu ndi trapezoidal angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti awonjezere kuwala.
Chifukwa chiyani tchipisi ta LED tifunika kugawidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana? Kodi kukula kwake kumakhudza bwanji magwiridwe antchito a LED optoelectronic?
Tchipisi za LED zitha kugawidwa kukhala tchipisi tochepa mphamvu, tchipisi tapakati, ndi tchipisi tamphamvu kwambiri kutengera mphamvu. Malinga ndi zomwe makasitomala amafuna, zitha kugawidwa m'magulu monga single chubu level, digito level, dot matrix level, ndi kuwala kokongoletsa. Ponena za kukula kwake kwa chip, zimatengera mtundu weniweni wa opanga chip ndipo palibe zofunikira zenizeni. Malingana ngati ndondomekoyo yadutsa, chip chikhoza kuwonjezera kutulutsa kwa unit ndikuchepetsa mtengo, ndipo ntchito ya photoelectric sidzasintha kwambiri. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chip zimayenderana ndi kachulukidwe kameneka kakuyenda mu chip. Chip chaching'ono chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, pamene chip chachikulu chimagwiritsa ntchito zamakono, ndipo mphamvu zake zamakono zimakhala zofanana. Poganizira kuti kutentha kwa kutentha ndilo vuto lalikulu pansi pamakono apamwamba, kuwala kwake kowala kumakhala kochepa kusiyana ndi komwe kumakhala pansi pamakono. Kumbali inayi, pamene dera likuwonjezeka, kukana kwa thupi kwa chip kudzachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa magetsi oyendetsa kutsogolo.

Kodi tchipisi tambiri ta LED ndi chiyani? Chifukwa chiyani?
Tchipisi zamphamvu za LED zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwunikira koyera nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa pamsika pafupifupi 40mil, ndipo mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito tchipisi tamphamvu kwambiri nthawi zambiri imatanthawuza mphamvu yamagetsi yopitilira 1W. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwachulukidwe komwe nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosakwana 20%, mphamvu zambiri zamagetsi zimasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu yotentha, chifukwa chake kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono ndikofunikira kwa tchipisi tamphamvu kwambiri, zomwe zimafuna kuti azikhala ndi malo akulu.
Kodi ndizosiyana zotani paukadaulo wa chip ndi zida zopangira zopangira zida za GaN epitaxial poyerekeza ndi GaP, GaAs, ndi InGaAlP? Chifukwa chiyani?
Magawo a tchipisi wamba ofiira ndi achikasu a LED komanso tchipisi tating'ono tating'ono tofiira ndi achikasu zonse zimagwiritsa ntchito zida za semiconductor monga GaP ndi GaAs, ndipo zimatha kupangidwa kukhala magawo amtundu wa N. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yonyowa ya Photolithography, kenako ndikudula tchipisi pogwiritsa ntchito magudumu a diamondi. Chip chobiriwira chobiriwira chopangidwa ndi zinthu za GaN chimagwiritsa ntchito gawo lapansi la safiro. Chifukwa cha kutetezedwa kwa gawo lapansi la safiro, silingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati electrode ya LED. Choncho, ma elekitirodi onse a P/N ayenera kupangidwa pamwamba pa epitaxial ndi etching youma ndipo njira zina zodutsa ziyenera kuchitidwa. Chifukwa cha kuuma kwa safiro, zimakhala zovuta kudula tchipisi ndi magudumu a diamondi. Mapangidwe ake nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta kuposa a GaP ndi GaAs zidaMagetsi osefukira a LED.

Kodi kapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe a "electrode transparent" chip ndi chiyani?
Chomwe chimatchedwa transparent electrode chiyenera kuyendetsa magetsi ndikutha kutumiza kuwala. Izi tsopano zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga kristalo wamadzimadzi, ndipo dzina lake ndi indium tin oxide, yofupikitsidwa ngati ITO, koma silingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati solder pad. Popanga, m'pofunika kukonzekera ohmic electrode pamwamba pa chip, kenaka kuphimba pamwamba ndi wosanjikiza wa ITO, ndiyeno kuika wosanjikiza zomata solder pa ITO pamwamba. Mwanjira iyi, zomwe zikubwera kuchokera ku waya wotsogolera zimagawidwa mofanana pagawo la ITO ku electrode iliyonse ya ohmic contact. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chifukwa cha index refractive ya ITO kukhala pakati pa mpweya ndi refractive index wa zinthu epitaxial, kuwala ngodya akhoza kuchulukidwa, ndi flux kuwala kungathenso kuwonjezedwa.

Kodi chitukuko chachikulu chaukadaulo wa chip pakuwunikira kwa semiconductor ndi chiyani?
Ndi chitukuko cha teknoloji ya semiconductor LED, ntchito yake yowunikira ikuwonjezeka, makamaka kutuluka kwa LED yoyera, yomwe yakhala nkhani yotentha kwambiri pakuwunikira kwa semiconductor. Komabe, makiyi ofunikira ndi matekinoloje oyika akufunikabe kuwongolera, ndipo kukula kwa tchipisi kuyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri mphamvu yayikulu, kuwala kwapamwamba, komanso kuchepetsa kukana kwamafuta. Kuchulukitsa mphamvu kumatanthauza kukulitsa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka chip, ndipo njira yolunjika ndikuwonjezera kukula kwa chip. Ma chips omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi 1mm x 1mm, ndikugwiritsa ntchito 350mA. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwamakono, kutaya kwa kutentha kwakhala vuto lalikulu. Tsopano, njira ya chip inversion yathetsa vutoli. Ndi chitukuko cha ukadaulo wa LED, kugwiritsa ntchito kwake pakuwunikira kudzakumana ndi mwayi ndi zovuta zomwe sizinachitikepo.
Kodi chip inverted ndi chiyani? Kapangidwe kake ndi chiyani ndipo ubwino wake ndi wotani?
Ma LED owunikira a buluu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito magawo a Al2O3, omwe amakhala ndi kuuma kwambiri, kutsika kwamafuta, komanso kuwongolera magetsi. Ngati dongosolo lokhazikika likugwiritsidwa ntchito, kumbali imodzi, lidzabweretsa mavuto odana ndi static, ndipo kumbali ina, kutentha kwa kutentha kudzakhalanso vuto lalikulu pansi pa zochitika zamakono. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chifukwa cha electrode yabwino yomwe ikuyang'ana mmwamba, idzalepheretsa kuwala kwina ndikuchepetsa kuwala kowala. Ma LED owunikira amtundu wa buluu amatha kutulutsa bwino kwambiri kudzera muukadaulo wa chip flip kuposa njira zamapaketi zachikhalidwe.
Njira yamakono yolowera mkati ndiyoyamba kukonzekera tchipisi tating'ono tating'ono ta buluu tokhala ndi ma elekitirodi oyenera eutectic kuwotcherera, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, kukonzekera gawo lapansi la silicon lalikulu pang'ono kuposa chipangizo cha buluu cha LED, ndipo pamwamba pake, pangani golide conductive wosanjikiza kwa eutectic kuwotcherera ndi lead out wosanjikiza (akupanga golide waya mpira solder olowa). Kenako, tchipisi tamphamvu kwambiri za buluu za LED zimagulitsidwa limodzi ndi magawo a silicon pogwiritsa ntchito zida zowotcherera za eutectic.
Makhalidwe a dongosololi ndikuti epitaxial wosanjikiza amalumikizana mwachindunji ndi silicon gawo lapansi, ndipo kukana kwamafuta kwa gawo lapansi la silicon kumakhala kotsika kwambiri kuposa gawo la safiro, kotero vuto la kutentha kwapakati limathetsedwa bwino. Chifukwa chakuti gawo lapansi la safiro limayang'ana m'mwamba pambuyo pa kutembenuka, kukhala malo otulutsa, safiro amaonekera, motero kuthetsa vuto la kutulutsa kuwala. Zomwe zili pamwambazi ndi chidziwitso choyenera cha teknoloji ya LED. Ndikukhulupirira kuti ndi chitukuko cha sayansi ndi ukadaulo,Magetsi a LEDadzakhala aluso kwambiri m’tsogolo, ndipo moyo wawo wautumiki udzawongoleredwa kwambiri, kutibweretsera kufeŵera kwakukulu.