Ndi chiyaniLED chip? Ndiye makhalidwe ake ndi otani? Kupanga tchipisi ta LED kumapangidwa makamaka kupanga maelekitirodi olumikizana ndi ohmic ogwira mtima komanso odalirika, kukwanitsa kutsika kwamagetsi pang'ono pakati pa zida zolumikizirana, kupereka ziwiya zowotcherera mawaya, ndi kutulutsa kuwala momwe ndingathere. Njira yosinthira filimu nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito njira ya vacuum evaporation. Pansi pa vacuum ya 4pa, zinthuzo zimasungunuka ndi kukana kutentha kapena njira yotenthetsera ya electron mtengo bombardment, ndipo bZX79C18 imakhala nthunzi yachitsulo ndikuyikidwa pamwamba pa semiconductor zakuthupi pansi pa zovuta zochepa.

Nthawi zambiri, zitsulo zamtundu wa p zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimaphatikizapo Aube, auzn ndi ma alloys ena, ndipo n-side contact zitsulo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito AuGeNi alloy. Kulumikizana kwa electrode ndi alloy layer yowonekera kumatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakupanga lithography. Pambuyo pa ndondomeko ya photolithography, imakhalanso ndi njira yopangira alloying, yomwe nthawi zambiri imachitika pansi pa chitetezo cha H2 kapena N2. Nthawi ya alloying ndi kutentha nthawi zambiri zimatsimikiziridwa molingana ndi mawonekedwe a zida za semiconductor ndi mawonekedwe a ng'anjo ya aloyi. Zoonadi, ngati njira ya electrode ya chip monga buluu ndi yobiriwira ndi yovuta kwambiri, kukula kwa filimuyi ndi ndondomeko ya plasma etching iyenera kuwonjezeredwa.

Popanga chip cha LED, ndi njira iti yomwe imakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe ake amagetsi?

Nthawi zambiri, pambuyo akamalizaLED epitaxial kupanga, mphamvu zake zazikulu zamagetsi zatsirizidwa, ndipo kupanga chip sikungasinthe chikhalidwe chake cha nyukiliya, koma mikhalidwe yosayenera pakupanga kupaka ndi alloying idzayambitsa magawo ena ovuta a magetsi. Mwachitsanzo, kutentha kwapansi kapena kutsika kwa alloying kumayambitsa kukhudzana koyipa kwa ohmic, chomwe ndi chifukwa chachikulu chakutsika kwa VF pakupanga chip. Pambuyo kudula, ngati njira zina za dzimbiri zichitidwa m'mphepete mwa chip, zingakhale zothandiza kukonza kutayikira kwa chip. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mutatha kudula ndi tsamba la diamondi, zinyalala zambiri ndi ufa zidzatsalira m'mphepete mwa chip. Ngati izi zatsatiridwa pa mphambano ya PN ya chipangizo cha LED, zingayambitse kutuluka kwa magetsi komanso kuwonongeka. Komanso, ngati photoresist pa Chip pamwamba si anavula woyera, zingachititse mavuto kutsogolo kuwotcherera ndi kuwotcherera zabodza. Ngati ili kumbuyo, imayambitsanso kutsika kwakukulu. Popanga chip, kuwala kowala kumatha kupitilizidwa ndikumangirira pamwamba ndikugawaniza mawonekedwe opindika a trapezoidal.

Chifukwa chiyani tchipisi ta LED ziyenera kugawidwa m'makulidwe osiyanasiyana? Kodi kukula kwake kumakhudza bwanji mawonekedwe a photoelectric a LED?

Kukula kwa chip cha LED kumatha kugawidwa kukhala chip-mphamvu chochepa, chip chapakati mphamvu ndi chip champhamvu kwambiri malinga ndi mphamvu. Malinga ndi zomwe makasitomala amafuna, zitha kugawidwa mulingo umodzi wa chubu, mulingo wa digito, mulingo wa madontho ndi kuwala kokongoletsa. Ponena za kukula kwake kwa chip, kumatsimikiziridwa molingana ndi mlingo weniweni wa kupanga osiyana siyana opanga chip, ndipo palibe chofunikira chenicheni. Malingana ngati ndondomekoyo ikudutsa, chip chikhoza kupititsa patsogolo kutulutsa kwa unit ndikuchepetsa mtengo, ndipo mawonekedwe a photoelectric sangasinthe kwenikweni. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwamakono kwa chip kwenikweni kumagwirizana ndi kachulukidwe kameneka kakuyenda mu chip. Pamene chip ndi chaching'ono, kugwiritsa ntchito panopa kumakhala kochepa, ndipo chip chikakhala chachikulu, kugwiritsa ntchito panopa kumakhala kwakukulu. Kachulukidwe kawo kagawo kawo ndi kofanana. Poganizira kuti kutentha kwa kutentha ndilo vuto lalikulu pansi pamakono apamwamba, kuwala kwake kowala kumakhala kochepa kusiyana ndi kutsika kwamakono. Kumbali inayi, pamene dera likuwonjezeka, kukana kwa thupi kwa chip kudzachepa, kotero kutsogolo kwa magetsi kudzachepa.

Kodi Chip champhamvu cha LED ndi chiyani? Chifukwa chiyani?

Tchipisi za LED zamphamvu kwambiripakuti kuwala koyera nthawi zambiri kumakhala pafupifupi 40mil pamsika. Zomwe zimatchedwa kugwiritsa ntchito tchipisi zamphamvu kwambiri nthawi zambiri zimatanthawuza mphamvu yamagetsi yopitilira 1W. Popeza kuti mphamvu ya quantum nthawi zambiri imakhala yochepa kuposa 20%, mphamvu zambiri zamagetsi zidzasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu ya kutentha, kotero kutentha kwa chip chapamwamba kwambiri n'kofunika kwambiri, ndipo chip chiyenera kukhala ndi malo akuluakulu.

Kodi ndi zofunikira ziti zaukadaulo wa chip ndi zida zopangira zopangira zida za GaN epitaxial poyerekeza ndi gap, GaAs ndi InGaAlP? Chifukwa chiyani?

Magawo a tchipisi wamba ofiira ndi achikasu a LED ndi tchipisi chowala cha Quad chofiira ndi chachikasu amapangidwa ndi zida za semiconductor monga gap ndi GaAs, zomwe zimatha kupangidwa kukhala magawo amtundu wa n. Njira yonyowa imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga lithography, ndiyeno gudumu lopera la diamondi limagwiritsidwa ntchito podula chip. Chip chobiriwira chobiriwira cha zinthu za GaN ndi gawo lapansi la safiro. Chifukwa gawo lapansi la safiro ndi lotsekeredwa, silingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mtengo umodzi wa LED. M'pofunika kupanga p/N maelekitirodi pa epitaxial pamwamba pa nthawi yomweyo kudzera youma etching ndondomeko, ndi njira passivation. Chifukwa safiro ndi yolimba kwambiri, zimakhala zovuta kujambula tchipisi ndi tsamba la magudumu a diamondi. Njira yake yaukadaulo nthawi zambiri imakhala yochulukirapo komanso yovuta kuposa ya LED yopangidwa ndi gap ndi zida za GaAs.

Kodi kapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe a "transparent electrode" chip ndi chiyani?

Otchedwa mandala elekitirodi ayenera conductive ndi mandala. Nkhaniyi tsopano imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga madzi a kristalo. Dzina lake ndi indium tin oxide, lomwe limafupikitsidwa ngati ITO, koma silingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati solder pad. Pakupanga, ohmic electrode iyenera kupangidwa pamwamba pa chip, ndiye wosanjikiza wa ITO adzaphimbidwa pamwamba, ndiyeno wosanjikiza wowotcherera pad adzayikidwa pamwamba pa ITO. Mwanjira iyi, zomwe zikuchitika kuchokera kutsogolo zimagawidwa mofanana kwa ohmic contact electrode kupyolera mu ITO wosanjikiza. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chifukwa chiwerengero cha refractive cha ITO chili pakati pa refractive index of air and epitaxial material, kuwala kowala kumatha kusinthidwa ndipo kuwala kowala kumatha kuwonjezeka.

Kodi ukadaulo wa chip wowunikira semiconductor ndi chiyani?

Ndi chitukuko cha ukadaulo wa semiconductor LED, kugwiritsa ntchito kwake pakuwunikira kumachulukirachulukira, makamaka kuwonekera kwa LED yoyera kwakhala malo otentha a kuyatsa kwa semiconductor. Komabe, ukadaulo wofunikira wa chip ndi ma CD uyenera kuwongolera. Pankhani ya chip, tiyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, kuwala kowala kwambiri komanso kuchepetsa kukana kwamafuta. Kuchulukitsa mphamvu kumatanthauza kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chip kumawonjezeka. Njira yolunjika ndikuwonjezera kukula kwa chip. Tsopano tchipisi zodziwika bwino zamphamvu kwambiri ndi 1mm × 1mm kapena kupitilira apo, ndipo zogwirira ntchito ndi 350mA Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwakugwiritsa ntchito pakali pano, vuto lochotsa kutentha kwakhala vuto lalikulu. Tsopano vutoli limathetsedwa ndi njira ya chip flip. Ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo wa LED, kugwiritsa ntchito kwake pakuwunikira kudzakumana ndi mwayi ndi zovuta zomwe sizinachitikepo.

Kodi flip chip ndi chiyani? Mapangidwe ake ndi otani? Kodi ubwino wake ndi wotani?

Blue LED nthawi zambiri imatenga gawo lapansi la Al2O3. Gawo laling'ono la Al2O3 lili ndi kuuma kwambiri komanso kutsika kwamafuta. Ngati itenga dongosolo lokhazikika, mbali imodzi, idzabweretsa mavuto odana ndi static; kumbali ina, kutentha kwa kutentha kudzakhalanso vuto lalikulu pansi pa mkulu wamakono. Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa ma elekitirodi akutsogolo ali m'mwamba, kuwala kwina kudzatsekedwa, ndipo kuwala kowala kumachepetsedwa. LED yamphamvu yabuluu imatha kupeza kuwala kothandiza kwambiri kudzera muukadaulo wa chip flip chip kuposa ukadaulo wapakatikati.

Pakali pano, njira yaikulu yopangira chip chip ndi: choyamba, konzani chipangizo chachikulu cha buluu cha LED chokhala ndi eutectic welding electrode, konzani gawo lapansi la silikoni lokulirapo pang'ono kuposa chipangizo cha buluu cha LED, ndikupanga wosanjikiza wa golide ndikutulutsa waya wosanjikiza ( akupanga golide waya mpira solder olowa) kwa eutectic kuwotcherera pa izo. Kenako, chip champhamvu champhamvu chabuluu cha LED ndi gawo lapansi la silicon zimalumikizidwa pamodzi ndi zida zowotcherera za eutectic.

Makhalidwe a dongosololi ndikuti epitaxial wosanjikiza imagwirizana mwachindunji ndi silicon substrate, ndipo kukana kwa kutentha kwa silicon gawo lapansi kumakhala kochepa kwambiri kuposa gawo la safiro, kotero vuto la kutentha kwa kutentha limathetsedwa bwino. Chifukwa gawo lapansi la safiro limayang'ana m'mwamba pambuyo pa kukweza, limakhala pamalo opepuka, ndipo safiro imawonekera, kotero vuto lotulutsa kuwala limathetsedwa. Zomwe zili pamwambazi ndi chidziwitso choyenera cha teknoloji ya LED. Ndikukhulupirira kuti ndi chitukuko cha sayansi ndi zamakono, nyali zamtsogolo za LED zidzakhala zowonjezereka, ndipo moyo wautumiki udzakhala wabwino kwambiri, zomwe zidzatibweretsere ife mosavuta.